Conditional Statements in Programming

A conditional statement allows a program to make decisions based on whether a certain condition is true or false.

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The most common type of conditional statement is an if statement.

An if statement allows a program to execute a block of code if a certain condition is true. 

For example, if you want to print a message to the screen if a certain variable is greater than 18, you can use an if statement like this:

In this case, the program will only print the message "you are old enough to pass" if the value of "age" is greater than 18.

You can also use an else statement to execute a different block of code if the condition is false. 

For example, if you want to print a different message to the screen if the variable is not greater than 18, you can use an if-else statement like this:

In this case, the program will print the message "you need to be older than 18 to pass" because the value of "age" is 18, which is not greater than 18.

Conditional statements are important in programming because they allow you to make decisions and control the flow of your program based on different conditions. This can help you create more dynamic and interactive programs.